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78 R e v u ed el ’ I n s t i t u td uM o n d ee td udéveloppement

a list of the processing carried out, which is immediately accessible to any
person applying for access, and may not be sanctioned by his employer as
a result of performing his duties. He may apply to the «Commission Natio-
nale de l’Informatique et des Libertés” when he/she encounters difficulties
in the performance of his duties ».
When he/she is appointed, the personal data protection officer becomes
an asset to the local authorities as contributing to reduce the legal risks to
which they are more and more exposed to.
The implementation of a local e-government brings about a reinforcement
of local authorities' responsibilities. Such an evolution has to be assumed
and organized.

§ 2 – The Emergence of a Local E-Government: What changes in the Local
French Governance?



A) Simplifying the Administrative Action
The implementation of local e-government through notably e-services to
the users/citizens intends to simplify the administrative action. This objec-
tive aims on the one hand to satisfy a request of the users that long for
better relations with the administration. On the other hand local authori-
ties cannot escape from implementing the e-government process. Indeed,
users¬ would not understand that local or central governments don’t take
the opportunities opened by the development of the information and the
communication technologies at the digital era.
This evolution contributes to underline that the e-government encourages
to rethink local governance because it brings about a substantial reorgani-
zation of the administration. This process concerns not only the running of
local services, the work and the training of public employees, but also the
relations between administrations and the users, and the relations inside
the administration.
Simplifying the administrative action through the development of local e-
government means for example to reduce the waiting time in the counters
for users, or even to suppress it.
With the same prospect, it means that local authorities employees have to
be able to help citizens to use e-services by explaining and simplifying pro-
cesses while providing and easy and secured access to these services.
Besides, the simplification of the administrative action means for users not
only to try to reduce waiting time, but also to help them to apply for jobs or
to a department for illness, old age…
In this view, local authorities aim to develop platforms improving the free
flow of information between the main actors of the professional integration,
like the French national employment Office (Pôle Emploi), the houses of
o
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